首先……其次……

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首先……其次……

HSK 4

“首先”和“其次”做代词,常用在书面语中搭配使用,表示按某个顺序列举事项。例如:
The pronouns "首先" and "其次" are often used in coordination with each other in written Chinese, indicating the sequence of the items enumerated. For example:

  • 不管做什么事情,首先应该明白你为什么要做,其次要知道怎么做。
  • 首先,要穿正式的衣服,这会给面试者留下一个好的印象,让他觉得你是一个认真的人。其次,应聘时不要紧张。

“首先”还可以做副词,表示“最先、最早”的意思。例如:
"首先" can also be used as an adverb, meaning "first of all, the earliest". For example:

  • 不管以后做什么工作,你首先应该有一个好身体。
  • 很多人遇到不明白的地方,首先想到的是上网查一查。

动量补语“次” The Complement of Frequency "次"

HSK 2

动量补语“次”常放在谓语动词的后边,用来表示动作发生、进行的次数。例如:
The complement of frequency "次" is usually used after the predicate verb, indicating the number of times that an action has taken place. For example:

Subject Predicate
V Num+次 O
我们 三次 电影。
他们 一次 飞机。
(我) (在这个商店)买 一次 (东西)。

宾语是表示地点的名词时,动量补语可以放在宾语前,也可以放在宾语后。例如:
When the object of a verb is a place, the complement of frequency can be put either before or after the object. For example:

Subject Predicate
V Num+次 O
我们 三次 北京。
他们 一次 中国。
(上星期)去 一次 医院。
Subject Predicate
V O Num+次
我们 北京 三次。
他们 中国 一次。
(上星期)去 医院 一次。

宾语是人称代词时,动量补语要放在宾语后。例如:
When the object is a personal pronoun, the complement of frequency should be put after the object. For example:

Subject Predicate
V O Num+次
我们 三次。
他们 一次。
老师 两次。
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