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“首先”和“其次”做代词,常用在书面语中搭配使用,表示按某个顺序列举事项。例如:
The pronouns "首先" and "其次" are often used in coordination with each other in written Chinese, indicating the sequence of the items enumerated. For example:
“首先”还可以做副词,表示“最先、最早”的意思。例如:
"首先" can also be used as an adverb, meaning "first of all, the earliest". For example:
动量补语“次”常放在谓语动词的后边,用来表示动作发生、进行的次数。例如:
The complement of frequency "次" is usually used after the predicate verb, indicating the number of times that an action has taken place. For example:
Subject | Predicate | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
V | 过 | Num+次 | O | |
我们 | 看 | 过 | 三次 | 电影。 |
他们 | 坐 | 过 | 一次 | 飞机。 |
(我) | (在这个商店)买 | 过 | 一次 | (东西)。 |
宾语是表示地点的名词时,动量补语可以放在宾语前,也可以放在宾语后。例如:
When the object of a verb is a place, the complement of frequency can be put either before or after the object. For example:
Subject | Predicate | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
V | 过 | Num+次 | O | |
我们 | 去 | 过 | 三次 | 北京。 |
他们 | 来 | 过 | 一次 | 中国。 |
我 | (上星期)去 | 过 | 一次 | 医院。 |
Subject | Predicate | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
V | 过 | O | Num+次 | |
我们 | 去 | 过 | 北京 | 三次。 |
他们 | 来 | 过 | 中国 | 一次。 |
我 | (上星期)去 | 过 | 医院 | 一次。 |
宾语是人称代词时,动量补语要放在宾语后。例如:
When the object is a personal pronoun, the complement of frequency should be put after the object. For example:
Subject | Predicate | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
V | 过 | O | Num+次 | |
我们 | 找 | 过 | 他 | 三次。 |
他们 | 看 | 过 | 我 | 一次。 |
老师 | 叫 | 过 | 我 | 两次。 |
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