复杂的状态补语 Complex Complements of State

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状态补语 Complements of State

HSK 2

状态补语是对动作的结果、程度、状态等进行描述或评价,在形式上常用结构助词“得”来连接动词后的状态补语。例如:
A complement of state describes or evaluate the result, degree or state of an action. The structural particle "得" is often used to introduce the state after a verb. For example:

Subject Predicate
V Adj
很好。
很早。
也早。

如果有宾语时,要把宾语提前,或者重复动词。例如:
If the verb takes an object, the object should be put before the verb, or the verb be reduplicated. For example:

Subject Predicate
(V+)O V Adj
(说)汉语 很好。
(写) 汉字 很好。
姐姐 (唱) 歌 不错。

表示否定时,要把否定词放在结构助词“得”的后边。例如:
In the negative form, the negative word should be put after the structural particle "得". For example:

Subject Predicate
V 不+Adj
不好。
不早。
不远。
Subject Predicate
(V+)O V 不+Adj
(说) 汉语 不好。
(写) 汉字 不好。
姐姐 (唱) 歌 不太好。

状态补语的疑问形式是在结构助词“得”的后面使用“Adj+不+Adj”,构成正反疑问句。例如:
In the interrogative form, "得" is followed by the structure "Adj+不+Adj", forming an affirmative-negative sentence. For example:

Subject Predicate
V Adj+不+Adj
好不好?
姐姐 早不早?
远不远?

动作的状态“要……了” "要……了" Indicating the State of an Action

HSK 2

用“快要/快/就要/要……了”表示某事将要发生。例如:
The structure "快要/快/就要/要……了" indicates that something is going to happen. For example:

Subject Predicate
快要/快/就要/要 V(+O)
火车 快要 了。
下雨 了。
新的一年 快要 了。

如果句子中有时间状语,只能用“就要……了”。例如:
If there is an adverbial of time in the sentence, then only "就要……了" can be used. For example:

时间状语
Adverbial of Time
Subject Predicate
就要 V(+O)
下个月 我们 就要 回国 了。
明天 姐姐 就要 了。
下个星期 我们 就要 考试 了。
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