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“是”字句是由“是”构成的判断句,用于表达人或事物等于什么或者属于什么。其否定形式是在“是”前加上否定副词“不”。例如:
A "是" sentence is a determinative sentence with "是", indicating what somebody or something equals or belongs to. The negative sentence is formed by adding the negative adverb "不" before "是". For example:
Subject | Predicate | |
---|---|---|
(不)是 | Noun/Noun Phrase | |
李月 | 是 | 老师。 |
我 | 是 | 美国人。 |
我 | 不是 | 老师。 |
用“比”表示比较的句子叫“比”字句。“比”字句的谓语可以是形容词。例如:
A "比" sentence is a sentence using "比" to make a comparison. The predicate of the sentence can be an adjective. For example:
A | 比 | B | Adj |
---|---|---|---|
哥哥 | 比 | 姐姐 | 高。 |
今天 | 比 | 昨天 | 热。 |
(今天的西瓜) | 比 | 昨天 | 便宜。 |
“比”字句的否定形式可以用“A没有B……”表示。例如:
"A没有B……" is the negative form of a "比" sentence. For example:
A | 没有 | B | Adj |
---|---|---|---|
哥哥 | 没有 | 姐姐 | 高。 |
今天 | 没有 | 昨天 | 热。 |
西瓜 | 没有 | 苹果 | 便宜。 |
要表达事务之间的差别时,用具体数量表示具体差别,用“一点儿”“一些”表示差别不大,用“多”“得多”表示差别大。例如:
When describing the difference between things, a specific number is used to specify the difference, "一点儿" or "一些" indicates the difference is slight, and "多" or "得多" indicates the difference is significant. For example:
A | 比 | B | Adj | 数量短语(Num-M) |
---|---|---|---|---|
西瓜 | 比 | 苹果 | 贵 | 两块钱。 |
我的学习 | 比 | 他 | 好 | 一点儿。 |
今天 | 比 | 昨天 | 热 | 得多。 |
她 | 比 | 我们老师 | 小 | 两岁。 |
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