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“把……叫作……”，后面是前面的名称。“把”后面一般跟名词、代词或名词短语。
In the structure "把……叫作……" (...is called…), the latter part is the name of the former part. "把" is usually followed by a noun, pronoun or noun phrase.
用“比”表示比较的句子叫“比”字句。“比”字句的谓语可以是形容词。例如：
A "比" sentence is a sentence using "比" to make a comparison. The predicate of the sentence can be an adjective. For example:
| A | 比 | B | Adj |
|---|---|---|---|
| 哥哥 | 比 | 姐姐 | 高。 |
| 今天 | 比 | 昨天 | 热。 |
| （今天的西瓜） | 比 | 昨天 | 便宜。 |
“比”字句的否定形式可以用“A没有B……”表示。例如：
"A没有B……" is the negative form of a "比" sentence. For example:
| A | 没有 | B | Adj |
|---|---|---|---|
| 哥哥 | 没有 | 姐姐 | 高。 |
| 今天 | 没有 | 昨天 | 热。 |
| 西瓜 | 没有 | 苹果 | 便宜。 |
要表达事务之间的差别时，用具体数量表示具体差别，用“一点儿”“一些”表示差别不大，用“多”“得多”表示差别大。例如：
When describing the difference between things, a specific number is used to specify the difference, "一点儿" or "一些" indicates the difference is slight, and "多" or "得多" indicates the difference is significant. For example:
| A | 比 | B | Adj | 数量短语（Num-M） |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 西瓜 | 比 | 苹果 | 贵 | 两块钱。 |
| 我的学习 | 比 | 他 | 好 | 一点儿。 |
| 今天 | 比 | 昨天 | 热 | 得多。 |
| 她 | 比 | 我们老师 | 小 | 两岁。 |
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