“了”表示变化 "了" Indicating a Change

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“了”表变化 "了" Indicating a Change

HSK 1

“了”用于句末,表示变化或新情况的出现。
"了" is used at the end of a sentence to indicate a change or the occurrence of a new situation.


The example sentences of “了”表变化 "了" Indicating a Change

李老师今年50岁了。

lǐ
[li²¹⁴]
ㄌ丨ˇ
proper noun
lɑ̌o shī
[lɑu²¹⁴ ʂʅ⁵⁵]
ㄌㄠˇ ㄕ
n.
jīn niɑ́n
[tɕin⁵⁵ niɛn³⁵]
ㄐ丨ㄣ ㄋ丨ㄢˊ
n.
num.
suì
[suei⁵¹]
ㄙㄨㄟˋ
m.
le
[lɤ]
ㄌㄜ
part.
Mr. Li is 50 years old this year.

我朋友的女儿今年四岁了。

wǒ
[uo²¹⁴]
ㄨㄛˇ
pron.
pénɡ yǒu
[pʰəŋ³⁵ iou²¹⁴]
ㄆㄥˊ 丨ㄡˇ
n.
de
[tɤ]
ㄉㄜ
part.
nǚ ér
[ny²¹⁴ ər³⁵]
ㄋㄩˇ ㄦˊ
n.
jīn niɑ́n
[tɕin⁵⁵ niɛn³⁵]
ㄐ丨ㄣ ㄋ丨ㄢˊ
n.
sì
[sɿ⁵¹]
ㄙˋ
num.
suì
[suei⁵¹]
ㄙㄨㄟˋ
m.
le
[lɤ]
ㄌㄜ
part.
My friend's daughter is four years old this year.

你女儿几岁了?

nǐ
[ni²¹⁴]
ㄋ丨ˇ
pron.
nǚ ér
[ny²¹⁴ ər³⁵]
ㄋㄩˇ ㄦˊ
n.
jǐ
[tɕi²¹⁴]
ㄐ丨ˇ
num.
suì
[suei⁵¹]
ㄙㄨㄟˋ
m.
le
[lɤ]
ㄌㄜ
part.
How old is your daughter?

“了”表发生或完成 "了"Indicating Occurrence or Completion

HSK 1

“了”用于句尾。例如:
"了" can be used at the end of a sentence. For example:

Subject Predicate
去商店 了。
去学开车 了。
买什么 了?

“了”用于动词后带宾语。动词后的宾语前面一般要有定语,如数量词或形容词、代词等。例如:
"了" can also be used between a verb and its object. There is usually a modifier before the object of the verb, such as a numeral classifier, an adjective or a pronoun, etc. For example:

Subject Predicate
Verb Number-Measure Word/Adjective/Pronoun Object
一点儿 苹果。
不少 衣服。
看见 几个 人?

上述两种用法的“了”的否定形式是:“没+动词(+宾语)”,“了”要去掉。例如:
The negative form of "了" in both cases above is "没+verb(+object)". In the negative form, "了" should be omitted. For example:

Subject Predicate
去商店。
买。
看见张先生。
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